школота

Настоящее совершенное время употребляется:

  • для выражения действия, которое непосредственно относится к моменту речи:

I have lost my keys and crapper't go in my flat.  — Я потерял ключи и не могу войти в квартиру. (Потерял ключи в прошлом, в квартиру не может попасть сейчас.)

  • если действие (состояние) длилась до момента речи, и возможно, все еще длится в момент речи, особенно при использовании глаголов состояния (to Be, to know, to like…)

He has worked at this role for 3 years already. — Он работает в этом офисе уже 3 года.

  •  если речь идет о событиях, которые произошли в прошлом, при этом акцент ставится на совершении действия, а не на времени:

Nobody has e'er climbed that mountain. — Еще никто не восходил на эту гору.

Подружились со временем? Проверим!

Usage 1. Выберите неправильные глаголы и запишите их 3ю форму (Perfect participle).

To arrive, to give, to play, to understand, to blow, to prepare, to wash, to fall, to miss, to run, to acknowledge, to talk, to open, to Doctor of Osteopathy, to urine, to teach, to iron, to brush, to pay, to say, to remember, to show, to speak, to gather.

Answers:Disposed, understood, blown, fallen, run, known, done, taught, paid, said, shown, spoken.

Exercise 2. Выберите правильный вариант.

  1. I have/has watched this film.
  2. We have began/begun the process.
  3.  Den have/has done his homework.
  4.  Mollie has break/ dashed her toy.
  5.  Julia and Betty have/has cut the vegetables.
  6. He/we have paid for pizza pie.
  7.  You have/has ironed this dress.
  8.  Children have has/had supper.
  9. I/she have switched off the light.
  10.  Martin has went/bypast.
  11.  The girl has John Drew/drawn a nice picture.
  12. You/he has returned from the trip.
  13.  They have/has gathered the harvesting.
  14. She/they has packed the things.
  15. We have chose/chosen the present.
  16.  The school rich person/has arrived.

Answers: 1. have; 2. begun; 3. has; 4. broken; 5. have; 6. we; 7. have; 8. had; 9. I; 10. gone; 11. careworn; 12. he; 13. have; 14. She; 15. elect; 16. has.

Exercise 3. Составьте предложения, используя Present Unflawed.

  1. We/to return/from the journey/just.
  2. I/to see/my boss/today.
  3.  Helen/to decorate/her elbow room/already.
  4. My cousins/to be/to this picture palace/never.
  5.  Max/to buy/а magazine/today.
  6.  You/to spend/а lot of money/this month.
  7.  Ian and Peter/to repair/the radio/already.
  8.  I/to drive/а car/never.
  9.  We/to beat/some letters/this calendar week.
  10.  The dog/to function by/just.

собака

Answers: 1. We have just returned from the journey. 2. I give seen my boss today. 3. Helen has already beaded her way. 4. My cousins have ne'er been to this picture palace. 5. Max has bought a magazine today. 6. You have fatigued a good deal of money this month. 7. Ian and St. Peter the Apostl have already repaired the radio. 8. I birth never driven a car. 9. We have got some letters this week. 10. The chase away has just run away.

Exercise 4. В следующих предложениях измените время гла­гола на Existing Down. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

  1. The pupils are writing a bidding.
  2.  My friend is helping me to figure out a difficult problem.
  3. I am learning a poem.
  4.  She is telling them an interest­ing story.
  5.  Kate is wholesale the floor.
  6. The wait­er is putting a nursing bottle of lemonade in forepart of him.
  7. I am feeding my breakfast.
  8. We are drinking pee.
  9.  He is bringing them approximately meat and vege­tables.
  10.  You are putting the dishes on the table.
  11. They are having tea.
  12. She is taking the dirty plates from the table.
  13. The children are putt along their coats.
  14. Susan is making a new dress for her birthday party.
  15. She is opening a loge of chocolates.
  16. I am buying milk for milk shakes.
  17. James is ordering a bottle of Malus pumila juice.
  18.  We are looking Thomas More CDs with good music.
  19. Are you transcription your favourite film on his video vertical flute?
  20. I am translating a difficult article from German into State.

парень

Answers: 1. have written. 2. has helped. 3. take over learnt. 4. has told. 5. has swept. 6. has put. 7. have eaten. 8. let pissed. 9. has brought. 10. have put back. 11. cause had. 12. has taken. 13. have put connected. 14. has successful. 15. has opened. 16. give bought. 17. has ordered. 18. have looked. 19. have you recorded. 20. have translated.

Перевод: 1. Ученики написали диктант. 2. Мой друг помог мне решить трудную задачу. 3. Я выучил стихотворение. 4. Она рассказала им интересную историю. 5. Катя подмела пол. 6. Официант поставил перед ним бутылку лимонада. 7. Я позавтракал. 8. Мы выпили воды. 9. Он принес им мясо с овощами. 10. Ты поставил посуду на стол. 11. Они выпили чаю. 12. Она убрала со стола грязные тарелки. 13. Дети надели пальто. 14. Сюзанна сшила себе платье на день рождения. 15. Она открыла коробку шоколадных конфет. 16. Я купила молоко для молочного коктейля. 17. Джеймс заказал бутылочку яблочного сока. 18. Мы поискали побольше компакт-дисков с хорошей музыкой. 19. Ты записал свой любимый фильм на его видеомагнитофоне? 20. Я перевел трудную статью с немецкого языка на русский.

Exercise 5. Сделайте из данных предложений отрицательные.

  1. She has found a wallet on tour.
  2. We birth tidied our country house.
  3.  The weather has changed.
  4. Liz has left you a note.
  5. They have moved to another hotel.
  6.  I have caught a big fish.
  7.  Pupils take over educated this poem.
  8.  Mike has booked the tickets for us.
  9.  The plane has landed.
  10.  The doctor has prescribed some medicine.

врач

Answers: 1. She hasn't found a wallet on the road. 2.We harbour't tidied our cottage house. 3.The weather hasn't changed. 4. Liz hasn't left you a note. 5.They seaport't sick to another hotel. 6. I haven't caught a Brobdingnagian fish. 7. Pupils harbour't well-educated this poem. 8. Mike hasn't booked the tickets for the States. 9. The sheet hasn't landed. 10. The doctor hasn't prescribed some medical specialty.

Exercise 6. Сделайте из данных предложений вопросительные.

  1. We have been to the theatre.
  2.  I have painted the walls in my bedroom.
  3.  Richard has revolved on the radio.
  4.  They have explained this rule to me.
  5. Amy and Ron have gone to bet lawn tennis.
  6. Molly has made a cup of tea.
  7.  His parents have gone to the market.
  8. Nelly has typed trey letters.
  9.  The parrot has flown away.
  10.  The students have prepared for the exams.

кей он

Answers: 1.Take up we been to the theatre? 2. I have painted the walls in my bedroom. 3. Has Richard turned on the radio? 4. Have they explained this find to me? 5. Have Amy and Ron gone to play tennis? 6. Has Molly made a bag? 7. Own his parents lost to the market? 8. Has Nelly typed three letters? 9. Has the parrot flown away? 10. Have the students prepared for the exams?

Exercising 7. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требу­ющейся форме, так чтобы получить Portray Con­tinuous или Present Perfect.

  1. What's the topic? Why He (to terminate)?
  2.  My cousin (to look) for a job, but he (not to find) a job yet.
  3.  It (to be) impossible for her to feel at home here.
  4. What you (to study) instantly?
  5.  They just (to ease up) you a pay rise.
  6.  Sophie is busy. She (to knit) a sweater for her grandson.
  7.  You only (to have) a picnic? You (not to eat) much.
  8.  People (to flora) carrots and tomatoes now.
  9. You (to go out) to plant tomatoes this year?
  10.  Johnny, who last (to encounte) a new job, (to pass) a big party.
  11.  How long you (to beryllium) sick?
  12.  You (to see) whatever soundly mov­ies newly?
  13.  What you (to look) smart to?
  14.  Nancy (to look) forward to this weekend.
  15.  She (to go) to read Shakespeare and she (not to kick the bucket) to remember about do work.
  16. Mike (to leave) for work yet?
  17. They (to remuneration) their electric bill this calendar month?
  18. How long you (to bon) to each one other?
  19. Your elevator car (to make) strange noises. Is anything wrong?
  20. The boy (to do) his preparation and (to take) a karate lesson now.
  21.  I (to have) dinner with my friends at the instant and I am very happy to see them again.
  22. Jay never (to journey) overseas.
  23. We forever (to have) a dog and a cat. We love pets.
  24. Larry never (to own) a sports car.

машина

Answers: 1. Why has he obstructed. 2. My cousin is looking, he hasn't establish. 3. It has been. 4. What are you studying. 5. They have just donated you a pay rise. 6. She is knitwork. 7. Have you single had, you haven't eaten. 8. People are planting. 9. Are you going. 10. Reb, who has ultimately institute, is bountiful. 11. How long feature you been. 2. Have you seen. 13. What are you looking at. 14. Nancy is looking. 15. She is going, she is not releas. 16. Has Microphone left. 17. Have they paid. 18. How long have you known. 19. Your car is making. 20. The boy has done, is pickings. 21. I am having. 22. Jay has ne'er travelled. 23. We have always had. 24. Larry has never owned.

Exercise 8. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Deliver Mastered или Past Simple.

  1.  It (to be) very cold yesterday.
  2. When you (to meet) him?
  3. I (not to see) him since 1997.
  4.  How galore mushrooms you (to gather up)?
  5. Where you (to put) the paper? I want to read it, but cannot obtain it anywhere.
  6.  The radical school (to begin) work­ing last year.
  7.  At last I (to do) all my homework: now I shall go out.
  8.  The building of the house (to begin) former in April.
  9. The rainfall (to blockage) simply a cold jazz is still blowing.
  10.  We already (to solve) the problem.
  11. Atomic number 2 (to come) a moment agone.
  12.  I nev­er (to talk) to him.
  13.  He conscionable (to finis) his work.
  14.  You (to make) whatever spelling mistakes in your dic­tation?
  15.  What books you (to read) when you (to live) in the land?
  16.  They (not yet to seed) from the south.
  17.  He (to be) ill last week, simply now atomic number 2 (to recover).
  18. If everybody (to register) this new November­el, rent's discuss it.
  19. You (to Word) tickets? — Yes, I … . I (to book) them single years past.
  20.  I give the axe barely recognize you. I (not to see) you since you (to leave) for Moscow. And you (to change) so a good deal.
  21.  You (to read) all the books happening this shelf?
  22. I (non to ascertain) my cousin since last year.
  23.  Wherefore you (to put) these things in the wrong place?
  24. Why you (to leave) the door agape? You will catch cold sitting in the drawing.
  25.  «We (not to meet) for such a long time!» said my friend. «Yes, indeed,»I answered, «and we some (to grow).»

друзья

Answers:1. IT was. 2. When did you meet. 3. I have not seen. 4. Have you gathered. 5. Where have you put. 6. The new school began working. 7. I have done. 8. The building of the house began. 9. The rain has stopped. 10. We have already resolved. 11. He came. 12. I have ne'er spoken. 13. He has just fattened. 14. Have you made. 15. What books did you read, you lived. 16. They have not however come. 17. He was, he has recovered. 18. Everybody has read. 19. Have you engaged, I experience, I booked 20. I have not seen, you left, you have changed. 21. Hold you read. 22. I have non seen. 23. Wherefore have you put. 24. Wherefore have you left. 25. We have not met, we both have grown.

Considerably Through with!

Литература:

  1. Павличенко О.М. Английский язык. Грамматический практикум. II уровень. — 2-е изд., испр. и доп. — X.: Ранок, 2012. — 304 с.
  2. Голицынский Ю.Б. Грамматика: Сборник упражнений. — 5-е изд., — СПб: КАРО, 2005. — 544 с. — (Английский язык для школьников).